DOJ announces strategy to go after organized crime in a borderless environment

I've often written about borderless crime being committed with a click of a mouse, as well as, the lines that law enforcement jurisdictions impose, which can make investigative and prosecution efforts, frustrating.

The Attorney General and the Justice Department are announcing a new strategy to go after the problem.

From the press release on fbi.gov:

Today, Attorney General Michael B. Mukasey announced a new strategy in the fight against international organized crime that will address this growing threat to U.S. security and stability. The Law Enforcement Strategy to Combat International Organized Crime (the strategy) was developed following an October 2007 International Organized Crime Threat Assessment (IOC Threat Assessment) and will address the demand for a strategic, targeted, and concerted U.S. response to combat the identified threats. This strategy builds on the broad foundation the Administration has developed in recent years to enhance information sharing, and to secure U.S. borders and financial systems from a variety of transnational threats.

In the press release, Attorney General Mukasey sums up the threat by saying:

The strategy specifically reacts to the globalization of legal and illegal business; advances in technology, particularly the Internet; and the evolution of symbiotic relationships between criminals, public officials, and business leaders that have combined to create a new, less restrictive environment within which international organized criminals can operate. Without the necessity of a physical presence, U.S. law enforcement must combat international organized criminals that target the relative wealth of the people and institutions in the United States while remaining outside the country.

Also stated in the verbiage of the press release is that there will be more coordination of information between federal law enforcement agencies. "This unprecedented coordination will include utilizing all available U.S. government programs and capabilities, including existing economic, consular, and other non-law enforcement means," according to Attorney General Mukasey.

"The Law Enforcement Strategy to Combat International Organized Crime (the strategy) was developed following an October 2007 International Organized Crime Threat Assessment (IOC Threat Assessment)," according to the press release.

The press release identifies and defines the following strategic threats:

International organized criminals have penetrated the energy market and other strategic sectors of the U.S. and world economy. As U.S. energy needs continue to grow, so too could the power of those who control energy resources.

International organized criminals provide logistical and other support to terrorists, foreign intelligence services, and foreign governments, all with interests acutely adverse to those of U.S. national security.

International organized criminals traffic in people and contraband goods, bringing people and products through U.S. borders to the detriment of border security, the U.S. economy, and the health and lives of those human beings exploited by human trafficking.

International organized criminals exploit the U.S. and international financial system to move illegal profits and funds, including sending billions of dollars in illicit funds through the U.S. financial system annually. To continue this practice, they seek to corrupt financial service providers globally.

International organized criminals use cyberspace to target U.S. victims and infrastructure, jeopardizing the security of personal information, the stability of business and government infrastructures, and the security and solvency of financial investment markets.

International organized criminals are manipulating securities exchanges and engaging in sophisticated fraud schemes that rob U.S. investors, consumers, and government agencies of billions of dollars.

International organized criminals have successfully corrupted public officials around the world, including in countries of vital strategic importance to the United States, and continue to seek ways to influence—legally or illegally—U.S. officials.

International organized criminals use violence and the threat of violence as a basis of power.

What alarmed me the most in this news release, especially with out of control oil prices, was that organized crime was involved in the energy sector. Randall Mikkelsen at Reuters must have been interested in this statement and questioned Alice Fisher, head of the DOJ criminal division. Fisher seemed downplay the statement by saying "I don't think that you can directly link the two." Fisher did go on to state that organized crime had a foothold in global financial markets?

To me, that's at least as scary as organized criminals being involved in the energy sector. What we do know is that both the financial and energy sectors seem to be causing the average citizen a considerable amount of pain and suffering, lately.

The reason for this response might be that investigative entities don't generally want to comment on the specifics of any ongoing investigations? There are good reasons for not doing so.

Interestingly enough, the Organised Crime and Corruption Reporting Project, which is run by some Eastern European journalists has covered potential organized criminal involvement in the energy sector in Eastern Europe. On a story, which can be seen on the home page of the site, it states:

In between are the energy traders. They say they are the future of low-cost energy but that is a promise yet to be fulfilled. These politically connected and well-financed businessmen have reaped billions in sales, often at the expense of state companies. Investigators in a number of countries are trying to determine whether some of them made their millions in profits illegally or legally in systems that have few laws and not enough regulations.

Although the executives at Enron were never found to be involved with organized crime, the Enron debacle illustrates how a little dishonesty in the energy sector can create a lot of financial havoc for a lot of people!

Also alarming, is the statement that public officials around the world are being corrupted by these groups.

As I stated in the first paragraph, I've often written about some of the items now being identified as strategic threats. We live in a society, where identities are stolen in mass, counterfeiting is rampant and rumors of foreign governments hacking into military and industrial systems are surfaced, too frequently.

And so far as hacking, criminal organizations -- who seem to be run as efficiently as any successful corporation -- appear to have the ability to crack into whatever defenses the good guys put into place. There has been speculation that these groups can afford to recruit the best and the brightest in a lot of "disciplines" in addition to information technology, also.

These factors have also enabled a lot of other (even more dangerous) criminal activity to spread at what some consider, epidemic proportions.

Given all these trends, the only successful strategy is to go after the people behind it. Nothing else has seemed to work very well, at least so far!

The full press release can be seen, here.

Reuters story can be seen, here.

I would also like to thank Suad and Lazarus at Paper Weapons, Heike at The Dark Visitor (information on Chinese hacking) site and the journalists at the Organised Crime and Corruption Reporting Project for the links, which I seeded in this post to make a point.

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OCCRP reports on Eastern European/Eurasian organized crime

(Photo courtesy of the OCCRP site)

Eastern European/Eurasian organized groups seem to have their hands in a wide variety of organized criminal activity. They are often mentioned when referring to anything from auction fraud to payment (credit/debit) card skimming and computer crimes.

eBay claims there are entire towns in Romania making a living via auction fraud on it's well known site.

A new site called the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project has been launched by a group of journalists to cover this activity, which seems to have to have a global reach.

In their own words, here is their vision:

The Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP) is a joint program of the Center for Investigative Reporting in Sarajevo, Romanian Center for Investigative Journalism, Bulgarian Investigative Journalism Center, Media Focus, the Caucasus Media Investigation Center, Novaya Gazeta and a network of investigative journalists in Montenegro, Albania, Moldova, Ukraine, Macedonia and Georgia.

Our goal is to help the people of the region better understand how organized crime and corruption affect their lives. OCCRP seeks to provide in-depth investigative stories as well as the latest news pertaining to organized crime and corruption activities in the Eastern Europe and Eurasia. In addition to the stories, OCCRP is building an online resource center of documents related to organized crime including court records, laws, reports, studies, company records, etc that will be an invaluable resource center for the journalists and public alike.

The site has been given financial support by the Foundation Open Society Institute (FOSI) and the United Nations Democracy Fund.

Although many of the journalists aren't well known in Western Europe and North America, they have been recognized as putting out some award winning work:

Recently, the program’s first project on energy traders was awarded the Global Network of Investigative Journalists “Global Shining Light Award” for quality investigative journalism under adverse conditions. The project was done in cooperation with SCOOP.

Journalists who have participated in projects published on this website have included Stanimir Vaglenov, Alison Knezevich, Boris Mrkela, Sorin Ozon, Eldina Pleho, Beth Kampschror, Stefan Candea, Roman Shleynov, Mirsad Brkić, Michael Mehen, Mubarek Asani, Paul Cristian Radu, Milorad Ivanović, Vitalie Calugareanu, Vlad Lavrov, Michael Mehen and Altin Raxhimi. The Editors are Rosemary Armao, Paul Radu and Drew Sullivan.

The site covers a wide variety of organized criminal activity (besides what I mentioned above) coming out the the area. Some of these activities include narcoterrorism, illegal arms sales, shell companies and even tobacco smuggling.

Interestingly enough, by reading through the site, I discovered that organized crime even has it's hands in the energy business in the region.

This subject, or the underlying causes of it aren't covered in depth when we read about this phenomenon in the West. Normally, we hear rumors pointing to mysterious Eastern European gangs associated with a sophisticated scam that has surfaced in our own back yard.

In scam circles, some of these people are referred to as "Vlads," which refer to Vlad Tepes, who as the inspiration for the Dracula story. Recently, a person who goes by the name of "Vladuz" has given eBay and the authorities considerable grief when hacking into their system.

Given that this activity reaches far beyond Eastern Europe and Eurasia, this has always amazed me. If you live in any major city in North America or Western Europe, Eastern European/Eurasian organized crime groups are probably operating not very far from where you live.

As the site matures, my guess is that it will provide evidence to ties between these groups and terrorist organizations, also. In fact, if you read what is on the site, some of the evidence I mention is already being written about.

The OCCRP is an excellent and well-written resource for the lay person and professional writer to learn more about a problem, which has become International in nature. Furthermore, since it is written by journalists from the Region, it is a great research tool for anyone interested in the subject.

OCCRP site, here.

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IT Students Aren't the Only Human Resources that Internet Criminals Desire

In the past couple of days, I've seen a lot of articles about IT (Information Technology) students being taken to the dark-side (recruited) by organized crime.

Reuters is quoting a McAfee report released in the past couple of days.

Although, hiring IT students seems to be the latest story going around, recruiting people to commit Internet crime is nothing new. As the article aptly states, organized crime has the money to recruit whatever experts they need.

And IT students aren't the only ones being recruited.

Starting with the fall of the (Soviet Union) "evil empire" and the rise of Eastern European organized crime, there have been a lot of "technical experts" being used for nefarious purposes. The Reuters article mentions that the tactics being used are the same ones used by the KGB to recruit spies.

In fact many experts speculate that Eastern European crime has a lot of "highly placed" former KGB types in their ranks.

In 1997, FBI Director Louis Freeh stated before Congress:

The Russian syndicates conduct the most sophisticated criminal operations ever seen in the United States, based on their access to expertise in computer technology, encryption techniques and money-laundering facilities that process hundreds of millions of dollars.

According to Freeh, part of that expertise is said to be provided by "former KGB officers working directly with some of those organized crime groups, and that poses an additional level of threat and sophistication.

Story courtesy of Risk Assessment Services, here.

And Russian organized criminals aren't the only players out there.

Dr. Phil Williams, a visiting CERT (Computer Emergency Readiness Team) scientist wrote about this a few years ago:

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the sophistication of organized crime and drug trafficking groups. Colombian drug trafficking organizations, for example, have followed standard business practices for market and product diversification, exploiting new markets in Western Europe and the former Soviet Union. Criminal organizations and drug traffickers have increasingly hired financial specialists to conduct their money laundering transactions. This adds an extra layer of insulation while utilizing legal and financial experts knowledgeable about financial transactions and the availability of safe havens in offshore financial jurisdictions. Similarly, organized crime does not need to develop technical expertise about the Internet. It can hire those in the hacking community who do have the expertise, ensuring through a mixture of rewards and threats that they carry out their assigned tasks effectively and efficiently.

Dr. Williams full essay, here.

Although, I'm sure IT students are being recruited -- they probably aren't the first -- or the only type of experts being hired.

And there are a lot of disorganized criminals recruiting people, also.

Here are a some previous posts, I've done on so-called "disorganized criminals," who recruit other people to do their "dirty work."

Work at Home Scams

Cyber Gangs Luring Children to Launder Money

BBB Worker Takes Job Processing Fraudulent eBay Transactions

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NRF Survey shows Organized Retail Crime activity is growing!

According to FBI estimates, Organized Retail Crime (ORC) is a $30 billion a year business. The National Retail Federation's 2008 Organized Crime Survey shows another alarming trend, which is that the amount of e-fencing to sell stolen merchandise on auction sites like eBay and Craigslist has grown 6 percent.

Also mentioned in the survey are shady e-commerce sites being put up on the Internet to fence the proceeeds of ORC.

In case you've never heard the term, Organized Retail Crime, here is a good description of the activity:

Organized retail crime (ORC) refers to groups, gangs and sometimes individuals who are engaged in illegally obtaining retail merchandise through both theft and fraud in substantial quantities as part of a commercial enterprise. These crime rings generally consist of “boosters” who methodically steal merchandise from retail stores and fence operators who convert the product to cash or drugs, as part of the criminal enterprise. Some of the more sophisticated criminals engage in changing the UPC bar codes on merchandise so they ring up differently at checkout, this is commonly called “ticket switching.” Others use stolen or cloned credit cards to obtain merchandise or produce fictitious receipts to return products back to retail outlets.

The report acknowledges that these groups are using cloned credit cards to steal merchandise and or get the necessary receipts to refund the merchandise for cash.

In the wake of the TJX data breach, where up to 94 million personal and financial records were hacked, a group was caught in Florida using data from the breach (cloned cards) to buy a reported $8 million worth of gift cards.

Please note that TJX is hardly the only retailer, or financial services institution that has had personal and financial records hacked from their systems in recent history. Attrition.org does a good job of recording the known breaches on their Data Loss Database - Open Source .

Although not addressed in the current report, I suspect the use of fraudulent checks are used to obtain merchandise and receipts, also.

This could be fueled by another organized crime activity. Portable technology has made the counterfeiting of identification documents another growing trend. Over the past two years or so, I've had the pleasure of being able to speak with Suad Leija and her husband about this organized criminal activity on a semi-regular basis. Suad, the step-daughter of one of the top players in this game was recruited in an intelligence operation and eventually exposed a cartel operating throughout North America to the government. Prosecution of members of the cartel is ongoing in this case and Suad is currently working on a book.

These documents, which are available throughout the United States, can be easily used to support both check and refund fraud by using names that get past the data bases designed to protect retailers from these types of fraudulent activity.

Portable technology is also being used to clone payment cards and some of it is easily found on auction, or shady e-commerce sites set up to sell these devices. As of this writing, I was easily able to find credit card encoders for sale on eBay. A site called HackersHomePage.com provides an array of devices that could be used to steal and produce payment (credit/debit) cards. They also provide tools to make counterfeit checks and even, paper for fake prescriptions. They do have a "disclaimer" stating that none of their products are to be used for illegal purposes, but it is pretty obvious someone could.

There is no doubt that there is a lot of technology that is enabling a lot of criminal activity out there!

NRF's Vice President of Loss Prevention, Joe LaRocca, made what I consider a sage comment on this activity:

“Law enforcement and retailers alike are fed up with organized retail crime rings and are stepping up efforts to stop them in their tracks,” said NRF Vice President of Loss Prevention Joseph LaRocca. “The brazen and unethical behavior of organized retail crime suspects results in possible health risks for consumers, adds unnecessary fees to consumers’ purchases and funds criminal enterprises, including the mob and terrorist organizations around the world.”

When I stated that this activity hurts all of us, the reason is that retailers have to make up the $30 billion they are losing to this activity somewhere. This normally equates to higher prices, or in extreme circumstances (especially in tight economic times) cutting payroll. Simply stated, people might be losing their jobs because of this activity.

So far as health risks, the report sums up the obvious risks rather well:

For example, criminals may not keep stolen merchandise in a temperature-controlled environment, so merchandise like baby formula and over-the-counter medicines can easily spoil. When criminals sell these items online through third party auction sites consumers are left with no way to guarantee they are getting safe and reliable healthy and beauty products.

I decided to see if I could find baby formula on eBay. As you can see - there seems to be a lot of it for sale on the site at discounted prices. At the time I checked 26 pages of it were for sale on the site.

Actual cases in the report that support how organized this activity has become are a $60-$100 million dollar case in Florida involving health, beauty, cosmetic products and over-the-counter medicines. Another case mentioned involved a high ranking member Gambino Crime Family and a sophisticated ticket/UPC switching case and extortion. In this case, a planted employee was making up the labels and providing temporary credit cards to move the merchandise through point-of-sale systems.

Recent initiatives to combat Organized Retail Crime include launching LerpNET, which is a crime database available to both retailers and law enforcement. Also highlighted was legislation against ORC throughout the country to "reduce the rewards and increase the risk" to the groups involved in it. Several States have already passed this legislation and more are considering it.

Full 2008 ORC Survey, here.

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Crimes Against Businesses Contribute to Job Losses

Organized retail crime costs retailers billions of dollars. In an era, where retailers are closing stores or going completely out of business, it's logical to assume that organized retail crime is a contributing factor to retailers shutting their doors and people losing their jobs. With the sour economy inspiring more and more theft and fraud, it is becoming more critical than ever before for companies to control their losses in their struggle to remain viable.

When retailers lose money to theft, the end result can be (assuming they don't go bankrupt) that jobs are cut. Payroll is normally the largest and most controllable expense in any business. When businesses start to show negative earnings — like a lot of them are right now — payroll is normally the first place they look to cut when trying to avoid shutting their doors.

In an effort to fight what experts say is a $30 billion a year organized retail crime issue, the National Retail Federation is welcoming legislation being introduced to give them more tools to fight this problem. Yesterday, three bills were introduced in Congress to assist retailers and law enforcement in this effort.

The three bills introduced are "the Combating Organized Retail Crime Act of 2009, sponsored by Senate Majority Whip Richard J. Durbin, D-Ill.; the Organized Retail Crime Act of 2009, sponsored by Representative Brad Ellsworth, D-Ind.; and the E-Fencing Enforcement Act of 2009, sponsored by House Judiciary Committee Crime, Terrorism and Homeland Security Subcommittee Chairman Bobby Scott, D-Va. The measures are similar to legislation first introduced last summer" according to the press release and podcast on this matter by the National Retail Federation.

In case you are unfamiliar with "Organized Retail Crime," it involves organized retail theft activity for profit. Once the merchandise is stolen, it is fenced (sold) to get a cash value out of it. Traditionally, this merchandise was sold at flea markets/dishonest retailers, but more and more often nowadays, retail crime rings are turning to auction sites to unload their stolen goods.

The reason for this is if they sell it on an auction site, they make a lot more money than in the more traditional fencing venues. Experts believe they net 70 percent of the retail value by selling their stolen wares on an auction site versus the 30 percent of retail value they receive in more traditional fencing venues.

Another possible factor contributing the problem is that consumers — who are operating with ever-decreasing personal budgets — are flocking to these sites to stretch their buying dollars. Without knowing it, they might be adding fuel to the fire and unknowingly buying this stolen merchandise.

Even if the retailer can prove that merchandise on an auction site is stolen, it can be extremely difficult for them to get the site to cooperate in going after the criminals selling it. Due to a lot of red-tape imposed by these sites to release information, it requires a lot of time/effort to get the site to cooperate in an investigation. Because of this, the crooks are normally long gone before any effective investigative action is taken.

Another phenomenon called phishing makes the activity even more anonymous/hard to track on auction sites. Phishing is where a person (user) is tricked into giving up their credentials to an account. For years, eBay and PayPal have ranked as some of the most phished brands out there. Criminals use this information to take over an account and commit fraud using someone else's selling account. When investigating auction fraud, time is of the essence, otherwise the trail is often too cold to track. The crooks use one of these accounts for a short period of time and then move on to another phished account to avoid detection.

Organized retail crime is also taking advantage of the identity theft/financial crimes phenomenon and working with the hacking element that has been attacking the financial industry. Counterfeit payment cards (credit/debit), checks and identification are all being used to electronically boost merchandise and walk right out the store with it. In the TJX data breach — which was the largest hack of financial data to date — a group was caught using cloned payment cards to buy $8 million worth gift cards from Walmart. In the more recent data breach at Heartland Payment Systems — which looks like it might surpass TJX in the amount of data stolen — the only arrests made thus far were a group using the stolen data to clone gift cards. Since gift cards are redeemed at retailers, this is yet another example of how the financial hackers and organized retail crime types are working together. To me, this is evidence that organized retail crime is becoming more sophisticated in their theft techniques, which will likely make this problem get even worse than it already is.

The three bills being introduced will force auction sites to cooperate with retailers and law enforcement, define organized criminal activity as a federal offense and establish stricter sentencing guidelines for criminals convicted of organized retail crime. Too frequently, under current laws, criminals involved in this activity are treated like petty thieves and get a slap on this wrist when they are caught. Last, but not least, it will hold auction sites more accountable for the sale of stolen merchandise if it could have been prevented.

Besides fencing, there is a lot of other fraud on auction sites that isn't necessarily tied in to fencing and victimizes auction customers/sellers, more personally. Legitimate e-commerce sellers are frequently ripped off with bogus financial instruments. Buyers are also defrauded in a wide variety of scams on these sites. Like the major retail types, who are behind this legislation, the more ordinary victims are often hung out to dry when they try to get any assistance from the auction sites. There is little doubt (my opinion) that auction sites need to clean up all the fraud that occurs on them. While they do provide value and a fun way to buy things, there have been too many innocent people victimized on them.

While this legislation primarily focuses on fencing, it's a start in the right direction. Perhaps other groups should join in and support this legislation, which if passed, will likely set some needed legal precedents. It will also make it a little harder for the criminally inclined to operate on auction sites.

Supporting this legislation makes a lot of sense for a lot of different reasons. These are not victimless crimes and the consequences are being felt by innocent consumers and businesses.

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Organized Crime in North America

Despite stories of organized criminal "types" becoming more and more involved in Internet crime, organized crime (itself) is a phenomenon that's been around for a long time.

The Internet is merely another "avenue" for "organized criminals" to commit their misdeeds.

I happened to read an interesting article by Joan Delaney of the Epoch Times in Canada about the Triads (Chinese Mafia), which have been operating in North America since we imported a lot of Chinese nationals in the 1850s to work the gold fields and build the railroads.

The article states:

A 2004 Criminal Intelligence Service Canada (CISC) report stated that Asian organized crime presents a major threat in Canada because of its many widespread and well-run criminal operations. CISC said Asian-based street gang violence is on the rise in several cities, and that the street gangs have connections with more sophisticated Asian organized crime groups—in other words, the Triads.

At a local level, Asian gangs are involved in a long list of criminal activities: credit card fraud, luxury car theft, prostitution, home invasions, staged vehicle accidents, contract killings, assaults, welfare and employment insurance fraud, drug trafficking, software piracy, loan-sharking, and illegal gaming. While scattered from coast to coast, Asian gangs are most active in Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, and Toronto, the CISC report said.

Epoch story, here.

Interestingly enough the article also cites the Triads as being tied to the Vietnamese gangs and even the Hells Angels.

Note that these "outfits," probably expanded their activities to Canada from the United States.

Going to the CISC report, which I found published on the Internet, I found a lot of interesting information about organized criminal activity in North America and even a pretty good "analysis" of potential ties to terrorist groups.

CISC report, here.

Note that the report references a lot more that Asian crime and is a pretty interesting "read" for anyone interested in the subject.

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Paper weapons (counterfeit documents) enable more serious crimes than illegal immigration and identity theft

Suad Leija

Counterfeit (forged) documents are used by illegal immigrants, financial crime artists (fraudsters) and even terrorists. 9/11 proved this a few years back - when it was discovered that several of the hijackers (terrorists) used forged documents to obtain legitimate state-issued driver's licenses.

And this can't be the only time terrorists have used counterfeit documents - jihadist training materials teach their disciples to use these documents to blend into our society, as well as to pay for their expenses. Al Qaeda's training manual (courtesy of Frontline) illustrates this, here.

Several months ago, I saw one of the first stories about Suad Leija and wrote about her. Since then I've mentioned her in a couple of posts. This led to her husband making contact with me, and eventually speaking to Suad, herself.

Suad Leija is trying to educate the public that counterfeit documents pose a serious problem to our safety and national security. And who would know better than Suad, who was raised around one of the biggest organized crime groups providing counterfeit documents to anyone willing to pay for them.

Suad is the step-daughter of Manuel Leija Sanchez, described as the "boss" of the Chicago cell of the Castorena Leija-Sanchez crime family. The ICE press release about his recent arrest can be seen, here.

Mr. Leija-Sanchez has been arrested in the past for selling counterfeit documents (several times), narcotics and assault. He is currently serving a one-year sentence in Illinois for this latest arrest. More details about how he ended up only getting one-year sentence are on Suad's YouTube videos, which can be seen on her Paper Weapons site (highly recommended and linked to further down in this post).

I asked Suad about her bodyguards - mentioned in other articles about her - reported as being Polish. She told me that they were represented to her as Polish, but didn't really know. Interestingly enough, they taught Suad to speak a little Russian.

This made me reflect on speculation that Eastern European organized crime is involved in all the major data-breaches involving the theft of personal and financial data. They would need resources to turn their information into counterfeit devices.

Eastern European organized crime is (also) known to be involved in human smuggling and there are illegal immigrants of Eastern European origin all over the world. Sometimes, we need to remember that illegal immigrants aren't only from Mexico.

Law enforcement officials from Canada and Great Britain have voiced their concerns in public about connections between organized crime and terrorism in the recent past.

Of course, the FBI has been saying the same thing for awhile (since 2002), here.

I asked Suad how many people she thought used counterfeit identification to obtain legitimate documents and she told me that was why items, such as utility bills are popular. Suad describes these items as "feeder documents," which are then used to obtain more legitimate identification.

As long as feeder documents are acceptable to prove legal status, putting security features on legitimate documents will do little to stop the problem. This is especially true, when some of the documents used as feeder documents might come from anywhere in the world.

Hazardous material licenses are even forged - allowing hazardous materials to be illegally transported. Besides the possibility of a freak accident occurring (if used in an intentional manner) a lot of innocent people could be hurt, or killed because of a forged hazmat license.

Counterfeit documents can be used to cross borders, board airplanes and it seems (more recently) obtain access to sensitive government facilities.

ICE recently arrested quite a few illegal aliens working at some of these secure government facilities.

Suad is currently in hiding (under the protection of her husband) - there are reports that her step-father has threatened her life after he is released. Manuel Leija-Sanchez and Pedro Castorena are both in custody - but there is no telling for how long - and their organizations still appear to in business.

ICE press release on Pedro Castorena's arrest, here.

According to Suad's website Paper Weapons:

The Castorena Leija-Sanchez crime organization is the major supplier of counterfeit documents/paper weapons in the United States. They are based in Mexico and have been operating in the United States for 17 years. They are in every major US city and earn approximately 300 million dollars per year.

Paper Weapons site, here.

The site has a chilling flash presentation showing pictures of 9-11 terrorists and members of the Castorena Leija-Sanchez family on fake counterfeit identification.

Suad's story has been covered by the mainstream media (Lou Dobbs, Paula Zahn, CBS, Univision), here.

Her personal story (in her own words) can also be seen in a series of YouTube presentations, along with the stories from the mainstream media.

Some other items were pointed out to me as a result of this conversation. There are 15 million illegal immigrants in the country today, and the reason they are here is to make money. If the jobs weren't readily available (and they seem to be), the problem wouldn't be anywhere as big as it is now.

The motivation of most of these people is to escape poverty - and believe it or not - people on public assistance in the United States live like "kings" in comparison to how they live in their own countries.

Then there is the matter of how any program could be administered. Embassies across the world are already overwhelmed with visa requests and how would these people be effectively screened?

It was also pointed out to me that if a guest worker program were implemented, it probably wouldn't be long before the required identification to be a guest worker was being counterfeited, also.

Documents being counterfeited is nothing new (counterfeiting has been around for centuries). But with recent advances in technology, it's becoming pretty easy to do. The quality of the documents is getting better and security features are being compromised quicker than ever before.

The problem of counterfeit documents goes far beyond poor people doing menial labor (jobs that no one seems to really want). In fact, they are enabling much more serious activity, and this is where we need to direct our focus.

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Medicare Fraud arrests might expose ties to medical identity theft and organized crime

Ever wonder why our social services are going bankrupt? Here is a story, from a FBI press release, showing how $101 million was paid out in fraudulent health care claims.

Reading the release also made me wonder, where all the names to claim services, came from?

From the FBI release:

On May 22, 2007, a Miami federal grand jury returned a 46-count indictment against eight defendants in United States v. Mabel Diaz, et al., No. 07-20398-Cr-Ungaro. The indictment charges Mabel and Banner Diaz, wife and husband, with operating All-Med Billing Corp. (All-Med), a Miami medical billing company, and executing a scheme to submit tens of millions of dollars in fraudulent claims to Medicare from 1998 to 2004 for reimbursement for durable medical equipment (DME) and related services. The indictment alleges that All-Med submitted approximately $80 million in false claims on behalf of 29 DME companies. The claims were allegedly fraudulent in that the equipment had not been ordered by a physician and/or had never been delivered to a Medicare patient. As a result of the submission of the fraudulent claims, Medicare paid the DME companies approximately $56 million. The indictment also seeks forfeiture of the fraud proceeds and here substitute assets, including real estate of the Diazes. The Diazes were additionally charged with conspiracy to launder the proceeds of the alleged All-Med billing fraud scheme. Also charged in the All-Med billing fraud scheme was All-Med employee Suleidy Cano.

If you read down further on the release, the names of all the people being charged are Hispanic.

While I suppose, not all criminals with Hispanic names, cater to illegal aliens, a large number of them seem to. Despite this, there seems to be no information, whether or not; this activity had any ties to illegal immigrant activity, or if people’s identities were stolen to facilitate these crimes.

There is also very little information as to exactly how these crimes were committed. It would make sense that they would have to use names and other personal information to claim the “services,” paid for with taxpayer money.

Digging a little deeper, I found another press release dated the day before from the FBI describing a similar health care fraud scheme – where the employees involved were described as illegal aliens.

This case occurred on the other side of the country (Southern California). Please note that all the names listed on this press release were of Hispanic origin, also.

In the Los Angeles case, the taxpayers were only ripped off for a little more than $9 million. Small potatoes compared the amount in the Miami case. Of course, I wonder how much more of this is going on, where no one has been caught?

Some of these illegal aliens were posing as nurses, which could be pretty scary, if they were dispensing any real medical services. Even scarier, is the very real harm bogus information in a medical record can cause. If you think about it, bogus information in a medical history could be life-threatening.

The World Privacy Forum has studied this subject (in detail) and stated in a 56 page report:

This report discusses the issue of medical identity theft and outlines how it can cause great harm to its victims. The report finds that one of the significant harms a victim may experience is a false entry made to his or her medical history due to the activities of an imposter. Erroneous information in health files can lead and has led to a number of negative consequences for victims. Victims do not have the same recourse and help for recovery from medical identity theft as do victims of financial identity theft. This report analyzes statistics in health care and identity theft, and estimates that approximately a quarter million to a half million individuals have been victims of this crime.

The report also states:

Medical identity theft is deeply entrenched in the health cares system. Identity theft may be done by criminals, doctors, nurses, hospital employees, and increasingly, by highly sophisticated crime rings.

If the FBI is issuing two press releases about this activity, one could deduct that they might have been investigating some of these “highly sophisticated crime rings.”

Not sure if the impending immigration bill is the reason some of the surrounding issues aren't being talked about, but a lot of criminal activity is tied to the trade in human flesh.

On a personal note, I want to see honest immigrants find a better life, and continue the American tradition of adding value to the most diverse society in the world. The problem is that a lot of organized criminal groups have profited in the illegal immigrant trade for years, and no one has come up with a way to weed out this hidden activity, very effectively (my opinion).

Of note, the honest and hard working illegal immigrants are often victimized in this process, which is largely controlled by organized crime.

With millions of identities compromised, it isn’t going to be easy. Assuming someone else's identity has become too easy, especially for those with criminal connections.

FBI press release on Florida arrests, here.

FBI press release on Southern California arrests, here.

World Privacy Forum report on medical identity theft, here.

QuackWatch has a good site, which covers this type of fraud in great detail, here.

In case you wanted to learn more, the U.S. District Court of Southern Florida is happy to sell you the information, here.

The Virginia WatchDog goes after government sites that post too much personal information. A lot of great information about this subject, and examples of effective action taken by the Watchdog herself, BJ Ostergren can be found, here.

BJ and I had about an hour long conversation recently, where she demonstrated how easy personal information can be data-mined from these sites. I found BJ to be a fascinating person, but more of that, later.

This site and their important work will be the subject of some future posts.

My previous rants about organized crime controlling the traffic in human flesh can be read, here.

Organized groups with Hispanic names aren't the only immigrant groups ripping off the taxpayers. Here is a recent post, I did about another immigrant group that seems to focus on stealing public funds:

Eurasian organized crime loots public coffers

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Retailers Honor Sleuths Who Smashed $100 Million Organized Retail Crime Ring

The National Retail Federation is recognizing a couple of individuals, both from law enforcement and within their own ranks, for their contributions in smashing a $100 million organized retail crime ring. These crime fighters are being honored at the NRF Loss Prevention Conference & EXPO in Orlando, Florida.

The two being honored are Detective Ostojic, of the Polk Country Sheriff's Department, and Ron Averette from the loss prevention department at Publix Supermarkets. In June 2007, the two began comparing notes on a group that was stealing large amounts of merchandise. Subsequently, Detective Ostojic was able to tie in cases at other retailers and Averette (along with Ostojic) presented the pattern of activity to the Florida Department of Law Enforcement and Florida State Attorney's Office. This led to a task force being formed under the leadership of Special Agent Telly Sands from the Florida Department of Law Enforcement.The result of the task force's efforts were that 18 people were identified as being involved in the ring and subsequently arrested.

The FBI estimates that organized retail crime costs retailers an estimated $30 billion dollars a year. To date, this is the largest documented case where organized retail crime was identified as being the cause.

These rings use flea markets, Internet auction sites like eBay and Craigslist, rogue e-commerce sites, and even seedy merchants to sell their goods. Some retail loss prevention departments have dedicated personnel to investigate stolen merchandise on auction sites.

In this case, a lot of the stolen merchandise were health and beauty aids. Some of these products have expiration dates, which might lead to health and safety concerns for the end user.

Mark Albright wrote an article about this case in the Saint Petersburg Times, where he mentioned specific brands the group deemed desirable for resale. By doing a search on eBay, I found a wide selection of Gillette razor blades, Prilosec, Crest WhiteStrips, and Oil of Olay available on the site. Please note that I have no way of telling if these items were the result of organized retail crime or obtained legitimately. I do know that large companies generally frown on having their products sold on auction sites and I saw some extremely good prices listed for these products.

According to the article in the Saint Petersburg Times some of the shoplifters (boosters) involved have rap sheets (criminal records) ranging from sex crimes to armed robbery and attempted murder.

A recent survey indicated that retailers are seeing an increase in organized retail crime activity. The cost of this type of crime is eventually added into the cost of the product being stolen, which means we all end up paying for it.

This activity has been known to run smaller businesses bankrupt. Even at larger retail organizations, out of control losses often dictate that operating budgets need to be trimmed. Since payroll is often the largest operating cost in an organization, this leads to reductions in hours and positions to keep a company afloat. Simply stated, activity like this can cost people their jobs.

Legislation has been passed in many states and more is forthcoming to make organized retail crime penalties stiffer.

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Does healthcare fraud tie into organized crime, illegal immigration and .... corporations?

Read a pretty interesting article about how identity theft is being used (more and more frequently) to commit healthcare fraud. The article also alleges that organized crime is exploiting this activity to their financial advantage.

Since organized criminals normally are hard to get a "quote" from, we'll have to speculate about how much they are involved in this phenomenon.

The article written by Jim McKay appeared in govtech.com and quoted a section chief (Sharon Ormsby) from the FBI:

At least 3 percent of U.S. health-care costs (about $60 billion) can be attributed to fraud, according to the National Health Care Anti-Fraud Association. Of that, 1 percent is attributed to medical ID theft - an ominous figure when the numbers are triangulated, according to Sharon Ormsby, section chief for the financial crimes section of the FBI.

"If you figure by 2012, national health-care expenditure costs for the country will be approximately $3 trillion, you look at the fact that the National Health Care Anti-Fraud Association conservatively estimates health-care fraud to be 3 percent to 5 percent of that expenditure amount," she said. "That's a significant amount of fraud, so we do have a strong interest in it."

Another interesting article related to the subject of healthcare fraud showed up in the news in the past few days, also. CBS News did a story about a "whistleblower," who turned in his superiors -- in this instance a hospital -- for fraudulently billing government healthcare programs.

Unlike the govtech.com article -- which only suggests a dollar loss -- the CBS piece estimates the cost of healthcare fraud at about $11 billion a year.

Sharyl Attkisson, a CBS correspondent covered this story and it points to more commentary about government waste in general on the Couric (Katie) and Co. blog.

Please note the whistleblower in this instance received $3 million for turning in his employer.

With the baby boom generation headed for retirement and reports of hospitals going under because they provide free healthcare for illegal immigrants, there is a lot of camouflage for healthcare fraud to hide in.

The fact that a hospital was in on the fraud shouldn't surprise a lot of people, either. If you are following the 2008 election, the subject of legitimate companies gouging the healthcare system for profit isn't a new topic.

There is little doubt that the subject of healthcare costs is a hot topic and will continue to be for a long time to come.

Govtech.com article, here.

Here is a story, I did in May that covers the ties between healthcare fraud, organized crime and illegal immigration:

Medicare Fraud arrests might expose ties to medical identity theft and organized crime

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Bills Introduced to Combat Organized Crime on Auction Sites

While stories of individual people getting scammed on auction sites are legendary, individuals aren't only ones victimized on these sites. Large retailers and brand owners are victimized when their stolen or counterfeit merchandise is sold on these sites, also.

In response to this, two bills are being introduced to combat this problem in the halls of Congress.

The reason this has become a growing issue is that criminals can net 70 percent of the value of stolen merchandise on an auction site versus the going 30 percent received on street corners, flea markets and pawn shops. So far as all the knock-off (counterfeit) goods being sold on auction sites, it's hard to put a dollar loss to it, but many believe it's substantial.

According to the International Anticounterfeting Coalition, counterfeiting costs U.S. businesses $200 to $250 billion a year. Counterfeiting and e-fencing pose safety risks to the public-at-large, also. Outdated or merchandise that isn't what it is advertised to be could potentially poison people, or cause bodily harm when it doesn't work like it's supposed to.

Simply stated auction sites, provide an anonymous marketing environment to sell both stolen and counterfeit goods.

“By hiding behind the anonymity of the Internet, they can make more money with less risk of getting caught than selling to a stranger on a street corner who might turn out to be a police officer. This bill would lift that cloak and help law enforcement put on-line criminals where they belong – behind bars,” according to Joe LaRocca, the National Retail Federations Vice President of Loss Prevention.

To address this problem, a federal bill (H.R. 6713, the E-Fencing Enforcement Act of 2008) is being introduced by Representative Bobby Scott, chairman of the House Judiciary Committee’s Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism and Homeland Security.

The bill will require on-line auction operators to maintain information about high-volume sellers and provide the information to a person with "standing" once a police report is filed. The definition of a person of standing would be a law enforcement officer or a representative from a company, who has an interest in the merchandise being illegally sold on an auction site.

This is the second bill introduced recently to combat organized retail crime, which costs retailers anywhere from $15 to 30 billion a year. On July 15th, H.R. 6491, the Organized Retail Crime Act of 2008, was introduced by Representative Brad Ellsworth, a former county sheriff, along Representative Jim Jordan, as the lead co-sponsor. The bill establishes that unless auction site owners can show specific steps to prove goods being sold were not being obtained by theft or fraud, they could be viewed as "facilitating" the activity. This bill will also require site operators to cooperate with the police and organizations with a stake in stopping the activity. In certain instances, it will also allow merchants to initiate civil actions over stolen merchandise being sold on an auction site.

In the past, auction operators have been criticized for not effectively cooperating with companies and law enforcement when they made an inquiry into suspected criminal activity on their sites. It has also been established that smaller (individual) victims and merchants often receive little to no assistance after being victimized in an Internet auction deal.

E-fencing, phishing, counterfeit goods and the use of fraudulent financial instruments to buy merchandise from unsuspecting customers have all victimized countless people and organizations on auction sites.

Criminals often lure people to do their dirty work, also. Recruits are normally harvested off the Internet, sometimes from job sites, and offered work to reship stolen merchandise and or launder money from fraudulent transactions. Much of this activity involves sending money, or hot merchandise across an International border --making it extremely difficult to track.

A lot of criminal activity is facilitated on auction sites by what is known as phishing. Phishing is where an account owner is tricked into giving up their account details, either via social engineering, or more and more often, after downloading some malicious sofware. The stolen account details are then used to take-over the account and use it for illicit purposes.

In fact, eBay and PayPal accounts are frequently the most phished brands out there.

Phishing, normally facilitated by spam e-mails, is another ever-growing criminal activity on the Internet. Recent studies by the Anti Phishing Working Group show that it is becoming more automated and malicious software (crimeware) used to automatically steal information is becoming more prevalent.

There is little doubt that a lot of the criminal activity on auction sites is sophisticated and reeks of organized crime.

For anyone investigating fraud on an auction site, the only way to effectively do so, is to have access to information quickly and with as little red tape as possible. A lot of these crimes cross over borders quickly and by the time and investigator gets what they need, the trail is often pretty cold.

When auction site owners -- who suffer no financial liability and collect a lot of revenue in fees from this activity -- don't cooperate or move too slowly, it only ensures that criminals will be laughing all the way to the bank.

Even the government has had their stolen inventory sold on eBay and Craigslist. In April, the GAO issued a report that military items, including F-14 components, were being sold on auction sites. In August of last year, a U.S. Attorney was quoted as saying that stamps being stolen from self service vending machines with cloned payment cards were being sold on auction sites. At the time, I ran a simple search query and found some pretty good deals on stamps. As of today, these great deals still exist. Many of them are being sold below cost and the last I checked the Postal Service still offers credit. Why would someone sell stamps below cost?

In my opinion, both of the bills don't only serve the large merchants out there, but have the potential to protect everybody from fraud on auction sites. While both of these bills are being driven by the National Retail Federation, I see a lot of benefits to passing them for everyone concerned with fraud on auction sites.

I highly recommend that these other people, join in with the NRF and the Congressmen involved, and support getting these bills passed.

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Is Julie Amero (in reality) another victim of Internet crime?

Internet crime is a growing problem. Every week, we seem to read of large scale data breaches, and spam is filling up our inboxes, despite the spam filters designed to stop it.

The spam getting past these filters is often riddled with deceptive lures (links) to all sorts of porn sites. In turn, these sites often infect machines that aren't properly protected with adware, spyware, malware and even crimeware.

So far as properly protecting our machines, this can be a chore, also. It requires frequent updates, and new exploits are discovered all the time.

Sometimes even legitimate sites are hacked and people get infected just by surfing, or visiting (what they think) is a trusted site.

Criminals of all sorts, including those of an organized nature are getting involved in Internet crime. In fact, many believe the problem is growing because very few get caught, and even if they do, very little happens to them.

I was amazed when I got an e-mail from Alex Eckelberry (CEO Sunbelt Software) that a substitute teacher (Julie Amero) had been convicted for some porn that had shown up on a classroom computer.

A jury has already found her guilty and she could face up to 40 years in prison. Even worse, it appears the stress of the trial may have caused her to have a miscarriage.

Is her conviction a miscarriage of justice? Many computer experts (including Alex) seem to think so.

Alex writes a very convincing argument, where he states:

When I first read of the case, my reaction was how illogical it all sounded: A middle-aged, substitute female teacher accessing porn on a classroom computer, in front of her students on one particular day? It made no sense.

He's right, it doesn't make sense.

An article from the Norwich Bulletin stated that:

Computer expert W. Herbert Horner, testifying in Amero's defense, said he found spyware on the computer and an innocent hair styling Web site "that led to this pornographic loop that was out of control."

"If you try to get out of it, you're trapped, according to Horner."

Anyone, who has surfed the Internet knows there are a lot of malicious sites designed to lure people to click on them, using seemingly innocent lures.

She was also convicted on testimony that she must have had to physically click on the sites in question. According to Alex and other computer security experts, the pop-ups from these sites leave the same imprint as if they had been physically clicked on.

Alex wrote in the Norwich Bulletin:

The computer was also found to be riddled with spyware -- programs that generate popups and degrade system stability.

Spyware may or may not have played a direct part in this incident, but the fact it was on the system creates additional damning evidence of the state of this computer system. What is extraordinary is the prosecution admitted there was no search made for spyware -- an incredible blunder akin to not checking for fingerprints at a crime scene.

Alex also states that this was an old system, without adequate protection, despite the fact that federal law mandates that it should have been in place.

Julie, herself claims the website in question was accessed by students when she went to the restroom. When she noticed it, no matter what she did, more pop-ups would surface.

More on Herb Horner's analysis (courtesy of the Sunbelt blog), here.

In a criminal case, the standard is that a person should be found innocent if there is reasonable doubt. After reading about this case, it makes sense to me, that we have a lot of reasonable doubt that Julie is guilty.

At best, the investigation used to convict her seems to have been poorly researched, and therefore, flawed.

Porn is a big component of Internet crime, which according to a WebMD survey reaches a lot of children. This research was conducted by interviewing children, themselves.

Some of the children interviewed were the same age as the ones in Julie's class that day.

Survey, here.

So far as a connection to real (organized) crime, porn was allegedly one of the Gambino crime families biggest earners ($350 million).

Besides being unjust, going after Julie Amero, is a big waste of resources (taxpayer dollars) that could be put to better use.

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International Phishing Gang, nailed with a little teamwork!

I suppose it's big news when a phishing gang gets caught. Sadly, few of them ever seem to get nabbed, or prosecuted. Phishing is a crime that is committed across borders with the click of a mouse, or "bot," which makes investigating and prosecuting this type of crime, slightly challenging.

Saying that, the times might be changing, especially (more and more) when U.S. citizens are targeted. Besides this latest series of arrests, the FBI recently conducted a very successful operation against bot-herders in an effort dubbed "Operation Bot Roast."

Bot-herders, who run botnets are behind growing amounts of spam. Spam is the preferred method of spreading scams and other questionable activity across cyberspace.

According to the DOJ press release, 33 phishermen have been hooked, in an operation that was truly International in nature:

A federal grand jury in Los Angeles charged 33 individuals in a 65-count indictment unsealed today for their alleged participation in an international racketeering scheme that used the Internet to defraud thousands of individual victims and hundreds of financial institutions. Seven individuals were charged in a District of Connecticut indictment for their roles in an Internet phishing scheme, including two who were also charged in the Los Angeles case.

U.S. law enforcement authorities are executing nine arrest warrants in the Los Angeles area and Romanian law enforcement authorities are executing search warrants in Romania today in connection with the racketeering indictment.

Supporting the "global theory" of this activity, these phishermen operated from six different countries. They also claimed citizenship from several different countries:

The individuals named in the indictment operated from locations in the United States and abroad including Canada, Pakistan, Portugal and Romania, and include both U.S. citizens and foreign nationals. Sonny Duc Vo, Alex Chung Luong and Leonard Gonzales are U.S. citizens. Nga Ngo, Thai Hoang Nguyen, Loi Tan Dang and Dung Phan are permanent legal residents of Vietnam. Hiep Thanh Tran is a U.S. permanent resident from Vietnam. Caroline Tath is a permanent legal resident of Cambodia. Hassan Parvez is a citizen of Pakistan. Rolando Soriano is a Mexican citizen and is currently charged in Los Angeles with illegal entry by an alien following deportation. Ovidiu Ionut Nicola-Roman; Petru Bogdan Belbita; Stefan Sorin Ilinca; Sorin Alin Panait; Costel Bulugea; Nicolae Dragos Draghici; Florin Georgel Spiru; Marian Daniel Ciulean; Irinel Nicusor Stancu; Didi Gabriel Constantin; Mihai Draghici; Marius Sorin Tomescu; Lucian Zamfirache; Laurentiu Cristian Busca; Dan Ionescu; Marius Lnu; Alex Gabriel Paralescu; and Andreea Nicoleta Stancuta are Romanian citizens. An additional four individuals known only by their aliases, “Cryptmaster”; “PaulXSS”; “euro_pin_atm” and “SeleQtor” are believed to be Romanian citizens.

According to an article in PC World by John E. Dunn, stolen financial details (mostly payment card numbers) were stolen using a fake website. The stolen financial details were then sent via SMS (text) messaging to their cohorts in the United States and counterfeit payment (credit/debit) cards were produced.

After the counterfeit cards were produced, we can assume "runners" went to ATM machines and drained the accounts.

Financial institutions targeted included "People’s Bank, Citibank, Capital One, JPMorgan Chase & Co., Comerica Bank, Wells Fargo & Co., and PayPal," according to the DOJ press release. Although, not a financial institution, the DOJ press release mentioned eBay was a phishing target, also.

Two good resources, largely from the private sector that study phishing and provide a lot of relevant information about the activity are the Anti-Phishing Working Group and Artists Against 419. Besides goverment resources, there are private warriors out there dedicated to taking down phishing sites, also. The PIRT Phishing Incident Reporting and Termination Squad run by CastleCops, a site dedicated to computer and internet security, is a leader in this private effort to curb phishing. PIRT goes after phishing as it occurs in the "wild," or on the Internet.

Most of the information gathered by these groups is provided and used as intelligence by law enforcement resources. As a disclaimer, in this case, it is unknown what private resources might have contributed intelligence to this effort.

Law enforcement resources on a local, national and international level contributed to this latest series of arrests. Most experts agree that cybercrime has flourished in the past because of the inability of members of the "white side of the fence" to come together as a team. Sadly, the members of the "black side of the fence" have seemed to embrace teamwork and the result has been devastating, to say the least.

Last month, Attorney General Mukasey announced a "Law Enforcement Strategy to Combat International Organized Crime." This strategy was developed to combat a growing threat to the stability of U.S. interests posed by organized crime groups.

DOJ press release, here.

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Is Bashing DHS for the Swift Raids Fair?

Suad Leija (courtesy of YouTube)

Recently, there were a lot of people bashing DHS because of the raids at the Swift meat packing plants. There were allegations that only 65 of those "detained" were charged with crimes, and that everyone else was "hard working and innocent." Of note, the associated press just reported that this number is up to 220, and DHS is still investigating. Just being here "illegally" is considered an "administrative matter," and not a "crime."

AP update, here.

Could this mean that some of the "fake identification" is of such "high quality" that it's taking time to establish criminal activity? It also might point out that the rights of those being charged are being considered, carefully.

After all, we live in a country, where people have rights.

DHS has maintained that the raids were part of a much larger investigation into organized crime and the mass production of fake identification.

I've always taken the stance that I have nothing against hard working people trying to make a better life for themselves, but that we can no longer afford to let criminals control our borders.

And besides hard-working citizens having their identities stolen, and used for illegal purposes, we have to consider the threat to national security. In 9-11 - several of the terrorists involved - used forged documents to enter the country and obtain legitimate identification.

In July, I did a post about how organized the mass production of fake identification is. According to the stepdaughter of one of the ringleaders of the organized crime ring behind it - they consider terrorism an "American problem."

The stepdaughter (Suad Leija) is now making the "YouTube" arena, and you can hear what she has to say, here.

CNN also did an interesting story (available on YouTube), which shows how easy it is for "anyone" to get fraudulent identification, here.

Also included is a lot of evidence that some of this fake identification is so good, it easily passes muster at a border crossing, or airports. Of note - the video shows card reading technology used a liquor store - which catches a lot of these fakes and points out that it isn't in use at our airports, or borders?

Maybe this is something DHS could look into, further?

I also did a post - where a writer from Colorado - who is an identity theft victim wondered aloud - if she was one of the people arrested at Swift?

I wonder if any of the critics of the Swift raids has had their identity stolen, and if this became the case, they would be so quick to judge the actions of DHS?

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Are Street Gangs using Check Fraud to Fund Themselves?

We keep hearing how white collar crime is becoming more organized. A recent story in Arizona shows how traditional gangsters are getting involved in white collar crime.

In 2006, Postal Investigators investigating checks being stolen from the mail tied the activity into one of the more violent street gangs operating in the Hermosa Park area of Phoenix. This led to one of the biggest street gang cases of the year.

Yesterday, Phoenix police and FBI agents began serving warrants on the gangsters involved in this activity. 102 were indicted in this operation. By the end of the day, they had 38 of them in custody. The arrests are being hailed as crippling the gang in the Hermosa Park area.

Of course, this doesn't mean that this gang wasn't involved in more traditional activity. Also confiscated in the arrests were "24 weapons, 18 cars and trucks, 43 pounds of marijuana and cocaine and Ecstasy," according to the story in the azcentral.com about this. In another story on this by ABC15.com, officials commented that several of the people arrested were connected to violent crimes in the area.

According to the authorities involved in this investigation, this gang is suspected of stealing more than $2 million dollars using stolen and counterfeit checks in the past couple of years.

Often legitimate checks stolen from the mail and other sources are counterfeited. Since the checks are copies of legitimate items, they often pass initial scrutiny at a financial institution.

In recent years, check fraud has exploded. Last year, an International task force monitored the mail in several countries and confiscated checks being produced overseas and mailed to several countries. Additionally, a wide array of check producing software and even the paper with anti-fraud security features can be bought in Office Supply stores and even on the Internet.

Another phenomenon that fuels check and many other types of fraud is the easy availability of counterfeit identification. The distribution and sale of counterfeit documents is also controlled by organized crime. I've written about this frequently and have spoken to Suad Leija and her husband, who have gone to considerable effort to educate the public (and the authorities) about how widespread and organized this activity is.

Suad's website, Paper Weapons has a lot of information on this subject.

Organized check fraud activity has been around for a few years. In 1996, Special Agent Keith Slotter of the FBI wrote a very telling paper on this subject. "The principal ethnic enterprises involved in illegal check fraud schemes include Nigerian, Asian (particularly Vietnamese), Russian, Armenian, and Mexican groups. The majority of the Vietnamese, Armenian, and Mexican organizations base their operations in California, especially in the Orange County, San Francisco, and Sacramento areas," according to the paper.

While the arrests in Phoenix represent a small part of the overall problem with check fraud -- it does point to the fact that organized criminals see check fraud as a lucrative income stream.

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Sophisticated Russian check fraudsters arrested in Fresno

Eastern European organized crime, particularly that of the Russian variety, has become a huge problem, worldwide.

On September 18th, six people of Russian origin got caught in what appears to be a pretty large check scam. The press and Fresno PD can only speculate, whether or not, the people arrested were organized criminals. I'll let the reader come to their own conclusion.

Nonetheless, the story reflects what many consider a growing trend in criminal activity becoming more organized.

CBS 47 in Fresno is reporting:

Fresno Police said ten people were involved in this very complex case involving multiple schemes. In one of the scams they would allow someone else to write check on their account.

They would then go back to the originating bank and claim someone had stolen their checks and was writing illegitimate checks. The bank would then refund their money and the suspects would essentially double their funds. They would even file police reports to make it look legitimate.

The case took Fresno Police more than a year to sort out. It appears the group was involved in hundreds of cons and scams.

The reason only six of the ten were arrested is that four of them fled the country.

CBS 47 story, here.

Organized criminal activity has become a huge problem in recent years. In California, where this occurred, the Attorney General issued a pretty extensive report detailing the problem, here.

The amount of known groups in the activity (not only Eastern Europeans) is getting out of control (my opinion).

I've also written a few things about organized crime, primarily from a financial crimes perspective, which anyone can read (if they're interested), here.

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Will Social Security number verification slow down illegal immigration?

Employers will soon have to take action against employees, who have a Social Security number that doesn't exist, or doesn't match the name associated with it. In the past, they were able to ignore the fact that these types of discrepancies existed.

With statistics showing that employee fraud and abuse cost corporations billions of dollars, it's amazing that employers would ignore that the person they have working for them might not be, who they claim they are.

DHS (Department of Homeland Security) has already provided a SSN validator for employers to use, which shows, whether or not the number was ever issued. The problem is that it doesn't show who the number belongs to.

As I blogged in a earlier post, this has led to more and more cases of illegal immigrants stealing real people's numbers to maintain their employment. The posts also explains how employers could already be doing more to verify, who their employees really are.

Over the weekend, the issue hit the news again.

Suzanne Gamboa and Anabelle Garay of the AP report:

WASHINGTON (AP) -- Employers across the country may have to fire workers with questionable Social Security numbers to avoid getting snagged in a Bush administration crackdown on illegal immigrants.

The Department of Homeland Security is expected to make public soon new rules for employers notified when a worker's name or Social Security number is flagged by the Social Security Administration.

The rule as drafted requires employers to fire people who can't be verified as a legal worker and can't resolve within 60 days why the name or Social Security number on their W-2 doesn't match the government's database.

Employers who don't comply could face fines of $250 to $10,000 per illegal worker and incident.

AP story, here.

We've already seen an increase in stories -- where someone goes to file their taxes, or find another job only to discover their Social Security number has been being used -- sometimes by more than one person.

Recently, the story of a financial crimes detective, Adrian Flores, who had his identity stolen was covered in the LA Times. It appears that more than one person used Detective Flores' number. Before he cleared his name, he went through a lot of grief from various private and government agencies, including the IRS.

What scared me the most about Detective Flores' story was that he is obviously of Hispanic descent. Does that mean that citizens with Hispanic surnames are going to be victimized because their names will be more considered more desirable?

This is a whole new take on the sometimes sensitive issue of "profiling."

Bob Sullivan (MSNBC) blogged about this issue extensively at the Red Tape Chronicles, here.

During the aftermath of the controversy surrounding the immigration bill -- Lou Dobbs interviewed Suad Leija, the stepdaughter of one of the main players in a organized crime family producing counterfeit documents -- who is assisting federal authorities in identifying members of the cartel. Suad aptly pointed out to Lou that if the bill passed, the counterfeit cartel's business would have exploded because dates could be fixed to reflect whatever date qualified a person for amnesty.

Could the same groups be preparing to provide their own version of Real ID to the millions of people illegally living in this country?

According to Suad, the fake documents are as "good as anything you have in your pocket."

If you go to Suad's Paper Weapons


Suad's interview with Lou, here.

Exactly, how the rules will change remains to be seen. What worries me is the organized crime machine behind providing the documents and identities always seem to stay one step ahead of the authorities.

Getting stolen identities shouldn't present too much of a challenge to the groups counterfeiting documents. There already is an underground market selling this information, also.

This could translate into more people having their identities abused than ever before.

As long as the consequences for stealing identities are viewed as a not very serious crime, the problem will continue.

There are no easy answers to this problem -- but perhaps if there were harsher consequences for counterfeiting, the use of counterfeit documents and stealing identities -- the problem would be easier to deal with.

As long as employers are taking advantage of cheap labor, which is the reason most of these people are coming here, the solution isn't going to be an easy one.

We have to ask ourselves at what cost will this be allowed to continue?

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Retailers and the FBI band together to fight organized crime

Communication is probably the most effective tool in fighting financial crimes, especially those of the organized sort. Financial crooks (scam artists) thrive on a lack of communication and knowledge.

The retail industry realizes this and in partnership with the FBI is launching a secure tool that businesses and law enforcement can use to communicate criminal activity with each other. A simple, but powerful principle.

Here is the information on this new tool from the NRF site:

In response to an alarming rise in organized retail crime, the National Retail Federation and the Retail Industry Leaders Association, in collaboration with the Federal Bureau of Investigation, have teamed up to launch the Law Enforcement Retail Partnership Network (LERPnet), a secure national database that will allow retailers to share information through its unique web-based design. With LERPnet, retailers and law enforcement will be able to fight back against illegal activity including organized retail crime, burglaries, robberies, counterfeiting, and online auction fraud. The database will launch on April 9, 2007.

Full NRF press release, here.

More information on this tool can be seen by linking, here.

The Washington Post also did a good story covering this.

A lot of other industries and law enforcement agencies should follow this example. Developing better tools to communicate could help resolve the current epidemic, currently being seen in all types of financial crimes.

There is some evidence that the bad guys communicate with each other, regularly (carder forums). The good guys should do no less!

To close, Joe LaRocca, NRF vice president of loss prevention is saying:

“With this system, retailers are banding together with law enforcement to send a clear message to criminals: We will not tolerate your behavior and we will stop you.”

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